Artificial Insemination
Cows used in the milk industry do not become pregnant by naturally engaging in intercourse with a bull. Instead, semen is manually collected from the bull, and injected into the Cow.
The most common practice to collect semen is called electroejaculation. The process involves restraining the bull and inserting an electrical rod into the anus of the bull and alternating the stimulation between 30 and 60 volts every 3 to 5 seconds. This is so painful for bulls that it has been banned in The Netherlands and in Denmark. Despite that, it is used in most other Western countries.
The semen then needs to be artificially inseminated into the Cow which is so intrusive that it requires Cows to be restrained by a device called a Rape Rack. She is forcibly held while a dairy worker inserts one arm into her anus, and the other arm used to insert a device called an Artificial Injection Gun into her vagina. The Gun, which contains the semen from the bull, is pushed further until the Gun reaches her cervix, and then the semen is injected into her uterus.
Once she is pregnant, she will spend the next 9 months of her life waiting until her baby is born, all the while not knowing that her baby will be immediately taken away from her.
When a calf is born, their gender will determine their fate in life.